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植物研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 546-557.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2025.04.007

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

香果树种子萌发的光照需求及其转录组响应分析

程薪宇1,2, 郭梦桥1, 官海云1, 茹剑1, 白琰3, 郭连金1()   

  1. 1.上饶师范学院生命科学学院赣东北特色植物资源保育与生态修复重点实验室,上饶 334001
    2.上饶师范学院应用光学技术江西省重点实验室,上饶 334001
    3.哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨 150025
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-07 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 郭连金 E-mail:guolianjin@163.com
  • 作者简介:程薪宇(1985—),男,博士研究生,副教授,主要从事植物生理学及解剖学等研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060336);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31860200);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31360145);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ211719);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ211723)

Light Requirements for Germination of Emmenopterys henryi Oliv. Seeds and Transcriptome Response Analysis

Xinyu CHENG1,2, Mengqiao GUO1, Haiyun GUAN1, Jian RU1, Yan BAI3, Lianjin GUO1()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory for Regional Plants Conservation and Ecological Restoration of Northeast Jiangxi,College of Life Sciences,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao 334001
    2.Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Applied Optical Technology,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao 334001
    3.College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025
  • Received:2025-02-07 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-25
  • Contact: Lianjin GUO E-mail:guolianjin@163.com

摘要:

为探究中国特有濒危植物香果树(Emmenopterys henryi)种子萌发所需光照时间及不同光照时间下种子形态性状与萌发率间相关性,以香果树种子为研究材料,比较0、1、2(8 h/1st day+4 h/2nd day)、2、4、6、8 d光照处理下种子萌发率差异,观察并分析种子形态与萌发时间相关性。同时,利用高通量测序技术对经避光(2 d)与基础光照(种子萌发率≥50%所需的最短光照时间,2 d)处理的香果树种子进行转录组测序与分析。结果显示:光照处理条件下,供试种子萌发率随光照时间延长而提高,8 d光照处理种子培养至10 d萌发率为98.89%;种子形态特征与萌发时间相关性分析结果显示,种仁长、种仁长宽比与萌发时间呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。避光(2 d)与基础光照(2 d)处理的种子转录组响应及其生物信息学解析共发现4 657个显著差异表达基因(DEGs),上调表达的基因为2 950个,下调表达的基因为1 707个。鉴定出的185个转录因子中,光照处理组HSF家族成员全部表达下调,蛋白质代谢相关GO term被显著富集。DEGs在二萜生物合成(ko00904)、半胱氨酸与甲硫氨酸代谢(ko00270)和植物-病原菌互作(ko04626)等与胚发育、种苗抗逆性相关的KEGG通路上显著富集(P-adjust<0.05)。综上,香果树种子中种仁较大者萌发更早,光照2 d可满足香果树种子萌发的基本需求。该研究为揭示香果树野外种群结构异常的形成机制及推动野外种群复壮提供理论依据。

关键词: 香果树, 种子, 光照, 萌发, 转录组

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the light duration required for seed germination of Emmenopterys henryi Oliv., an endangered species endemic to China, and to explore the correlation between morphological traits and germination rate of seeds under different light durations. Using E. henryi seeds as material, this study compared the differences in germination rates under light treatments of 0, 1, 2(8 h/1st day+4 h/2nd day), 2, 4, 6, 8 d. The correlation between seed morphology and germination time was also analyzed. In addition, transcriptome sequencing and analysis using high-throughput technology were perfomed on E. henryi seeds subjected to dark treatment (2 d) and basic light exposure (the shortest light duration required for a germination rate of ≥50%, 2 d). Results showed that, under light treatment conditions, the germination rates increased with extension of light duration. For the seeds subjected to the 8 d light treatment, the germination rate reached 98.89% after 10 d of cultivation. The analysis of correlation between seed morphological characteristics and germination time showed that the length of seed kernel and length-to-width ratio of seed kernel were significantly negatively correlated with germination time(P<0.05). Transcriptomic responses of the seeds following dark treatment(2 d) and basic light treatments(2 d) indicated 4 657 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), including 2 950 upregulated and 1 707 downregulated genes. Among the 185 transcription factors identified, all members of the HSF family were downregulated in the light treatment group. GO terms related to protein metabolism were significantly enriched. DEGs were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways(P-adjust<0.05) related to embryo development and seedling stress resistance, including diterpenoid biosynthesis (ko00904), cysteine and methionine metabolism(ko00270), and plant-pathogen interaction(ko04626). In summary, E. henryi seeds with larger kernels germinated earlier, and light supplied for two days was sufficient to meet the basic germination requirements of the seeds. This study provided a theoretical basis for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the abnormal population structure of wild E. henryi populations and for promoting its population restoration in natural conditions.

Key words: Emmenopterys henryi, seed, light, germination, transcriptome

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